<div class="entry-content"><div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/YzBtfN1LQtM" class="youtube-player" width="740" height="416.418" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span></div><div class="blog-content"> I challenged a software engineer to design his very first PCB. What happened?</div><div class="blog-content-chapters"><div>Chapters:</div><ul class="chapters-list"><li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">00:00</span><span class="chapters-text">The challenge</span></li><li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">01:01</span><span class="chapters-text">Schematic page</span></li><li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">03:46</span><span class="chapters-text">STM32</span></li><li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">10:18</span><span class="chapters-text">Power</span></li><li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">21:50</span><span class="chapters-text">Power LED</span></li><li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">23:29</span><span class="chapters-text">Boot and Reset</span></li><li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">27:47</span><span class="chapters-text">Crystal</span></li><li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">30:58</span><span class="chapters-text">USB</span></li><li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">33:59</span><span class="chapters-text">Arduino headers and User LED</span></li><li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">36:49</span><span class="chapters-text">SWI and UART connectors</span></li></div><div class="blog-content-links"><div>Links:</div><ul class="links-list"><li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://fedevel.com/courses">FEDEVEL Online courses</a></li></ul></div></div>

Is this really how beginners design boards??? | Schematic Review

<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/sKOUOU-hVEs" class="youtube-player" width="740" height="416.418" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content">
This video will help you to understand eye diagrams. Thank you very much Tim Wang Lee
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content-chapters">
        <div>
            Chapters:
        </div>
        <ul class="chapters-list">
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">00:00</span><span class="chapters-text">What is this video about</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">00:17</span><span class="chapters-text">How eye diagram is created and why it´s useful</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">07:35</span><span class="chapters-text">How reflections influence eye diagram shape</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">12:17</span><span class="chapters-text">Simulating reflections and checking eye diagram</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">20:19</span><span class="chapters-text">How crosstalk influences eye diagram shape</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">30:36</span><span class="chapters-text">Simulating crosstalk and checking eye diagram</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">35:09</span><span class="chapters-text">How loss influences eye diagram shape</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">41:13</span><span class="chapters-text">Simulating loss and checking eye diagram</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">50:32</span><span class="chapters-text">Equalization explained</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">57:53</span><span class="chapters-text">CTLE Equalization</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">58:49</span><span class="chapters-text">FFE Equalization</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:02:19</span><span class="chapters-text">DFE Equalization</span></li>
    </div>
    
    <div class="blog-content-links">
        <div>
            Links:
        </div>
        <ul class="links-list">
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="http://www.keysight.com/find/ads-si-workshop">Learn more about Signal Integrity with ADS</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://www.keysight.com/us/en/products/software/pathwave-design-software.html">Get a head start with Electronic Design Automation</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/timwanglee/">Connect with Tim</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://fedevel.com/courses">FEDEVEL Online courses</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>  
</div>

What does an eye diagram show? Here is how you recognize problems - reflections, crosstalk and loss

<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Rr9NBtrA4t4" class="youtube-player" width="740" height="416.418" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content">
        Watch how differential pair signals are travelling through a PCB. Thank you very much Yuriy Shlepnev 
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content-chapters">
        <div>
            Chapters:
        </div>
        <ul class="chapters-list">
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">00:00</span><span class="chapters-text">What is this video about</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">00:33</span><span class="chapters-text">Differential pairs routed on top / bottom, THIN PCB, 1W</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">12:56</span><span class="chapters-text">3W, Top / Bottom</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">17:17</span><span class="chapters-text">THICK PCB, Top / Bottom</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">23:49</span><span class="chapters-text">No GND plane</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">30:01</span><span class="chapters-text">Differential pairs inside of PCB</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">45:30</span><span class="chapters-text">3D animation, top/bottom, 1W</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">48:51</span><span class="chapters-text">3D animation, top/bottom, 3W</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">57:12</span><span class="chapters-text">3D animation, inside of PCB, 1W</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">58:40</span><span class="chapters-text">3D animation, inside of PCB, 3W</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:06:21</span><span class="chapters-text">Crosstalk examples</span></li>
    </div>
    
    <div class="blog-content-links">
        <div>
            Links:
        </div>
        <ul class="links-list">
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/yuriy-shlepnev-7b39136/">Yuriy's LinkedIn</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://www.simberian.com/">Yuriy's company</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://fedevel.com/courses">FEDEVEL Online courses</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>  
</div>

Watch Differential Pair Fields and Currents in PCB

<div class="entry-content">

    <div class="blog-content">
        Here is the PCB stackup what I normally start with + requirements for minimum VIA, track, clearance and impedances.
        <ul class="content-list">
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>12 Layers:</b>
                <ul class="content-list">
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">L1 – Signal</span></li>
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">L2 – GND</span></li>
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">L3 – Signal</span></li>
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">L4 – Signal</span></li>
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">L5 – GND</span></li>
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">L6 – Powers</span></li>
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">L7 – Powers</span></li>
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">L8 – GND</span></li>
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">L9 – Signal</span></li>
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">L10 – Signal</span></li>
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">L11 – GND</span></li>
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">L12 – Signal</span></li>
                </ul>       
            </span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>Required impedances</b>
                <ul class="content-list">
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">Single ended: 50 OHMs (all signal layers)</span></li>
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">Differential: 70, 90 and 100 OHMs (all signal layers)</span></li>
                </ul>       
            </span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>Other requirements</b>
                <ul class="content-list">
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">Minimum through-hole VIA: 0.45mm (pad) / 0.2mm (drill)</span></li>
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">Minimum track / clearance: 0.1 mm / 0.1 mm (more expensive PCB: 0.075mm / 0.075mm)</span></li>
                </ul>       
            </span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text"><b>If uVIAs are used</b>
                <ul class="content-list">
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">uVIA: 0.25mm (pad) / 0.1mm (laser drilled hole)</span></li>
                    <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">buried VIA: 0.45mm (pad) / 0.2mm (drill)</span></li>
                </ul>       
            </span></li>
        </ul>
     </div>

    <div class="blog-content-text">
        I also found useful information about HDI stackups in this Mentor document: <a href="http://www.mentor.com/pcb/resources/overview/hdi-layer-stackups-for-large-dense-pcbs-723df14d-88f7-4e34-b47f-178d8c69ba1b" >HDI Layer Stackups for Large Dense PCBs</a><br><br>

        HDI PCB technology comparison (picture from the Mentor document)
    </div>

    
    <div class="blog-content-img-wrapper">
        <img src="https://assets.fedevel.com/blog/2019/10/3ef7e-stackup_example.jpg" alt="stackup_example" />
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content-links">
        <div>
            Links:
        </div>
        <ul class="links-list">
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="http://www.mentor.com/pcb/resources/overview/hdi-layer-stackups-for-large-dense-pcbs-723df14d-88f7-4e34-b47f-178d8c69ba1b" >HDI Layer Stackups for Large Dense PCBs</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>  
</div>

PCB stackup example – minimum track, clearance, VIA …

<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/yjFuTdVEd7Q" class="youtube-player" width="740" height="416.418" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content">
        Short tutorial which describes how to start using Cadence Allegro. Explains basic commands and how to:
        <ul class="content-list">
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">highlight / de-highlight net</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">switch between layers</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">get information about a component</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">measure</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">move objects</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">delete</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">route</span></li>
            <li class="content-list-item"><span class="content-text">slide tracks …</span></li>
        </ul>
    </div>
</div>


How to start with Cadence Allegro – Very simple tutorial

<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/gL1oSBMsLn8" class="youtube-player" width="740" height="416.418" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content">
        This video shows how to modify polygon pour edges in Altium Designer.
    </div>
</div>


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Is this really how beginners design boards??? | Schematic Review

What does an eye diagram show? Here is how you recognize problems - reflections, crosstalk and loss

Watch Differential Pair Fields and Currents in PCB

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